reference

英 [ˈrefrəns]

美 [ˈrefrəns]

n.  说到(或写到)的事; 提到; 谈及; 涉及; 参考; 查询; 查阅; (帮助或意见的)征求，征询
v.  查阅; 参考; 给(书等)附参考资料

复数：references　过去式：referenced　过去分词：referenced　现在分词：referencing　第三人称单数：references　

高考CET4CET6考研IELTSTEM4TEM8BEC计算机

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.1016 / COCA.1904

习惯用语

n.

in/with reference to
• （所述内容）关于
  used to say what you are talking or writing about
• With reference to your letter of July 22…
  关于你7月22日的来信…

牛津词典

noun

提及 mentioning sb/sth
• 说到（或写到）的事；提到；谈及；涉及
  a thing you say or write that mentions sb/sth else; the act of mentioning sb/sth
  1. The book is full of references to growing up in India.
     这本书谈到许多在印度怎样长大成人的事。
  2. She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.
     她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。
  3. the President's passing reference to (= brief mention of) the end of the war
     总统对战争的结束一语带过
查询信息 looking for information
• 参考；查询；查阅
  the act of looking at sth for information
  1. Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference.
     把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查找。
  2. I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference (= because it might be useful in the future) .
     我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。
  3. The library contains many popular works of reference (= reference books) .
     这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。
征求意见 asking for advice
• （帮助或意见的）征求，征询
  the act of asking sb for help or advice
  1. The emergency nurse can treat minor injuries without reference to a doctor.
     急救护士不必征求医生的意见就可处理轻伤。
数字；文字；符号 number/word/symbol
• （为方便查询所用的）标记，标识，编号
  a number, word or symbol that shows where sth is on a map, or where you can find a piece of information
  1. The map reference is Y4.
     地图编号为Y4。
  2. Please quote your reference number when making an enquiry.
     查询时请报出编号。
找工作 for new job
• 推荐信；介绍信
  a letter written by sb who knows you, giving information about your character and abilities, especially to a new employer
  1. We will take up references after the interview.
     我们在面试之后收推荐信。
• 推荐人；介绍人
  a person who agrees to write a reference for you, for example when you are applying for a job
  1. My previous boss will act as a reference for me.
     我的前任上司将做我的推荐人。
书籍 in book
• 参考书目
  a note in a book that tells you where a particular piece of information comes from
  1. There is a list of references at the end of each chapter.
     每一章的后面都有一组参考书目。

verb

• 查阅；参考；给（书等）附参考资料
  to refer to sth; to provide a book, etc. with references
  1. Each chapter is referenced, citing literature up to 2004.
     每一章都附有参考书目，引用文献近至2004年。

柯林斯词典

• N-VAR 提及；谈到
  Reference tosomeone or something is the act of talking about them or mentioning them. Areferenceis a particular example of this.
  1. He made no reference to any agreement...
     他没有提到什么协议。
  2. The crowd chanted 'No Poll Tax', a reference to the government's new local taxation system...
     人群高呼“不要人头税”，指的是政府新确立的地方税收制度。
  3. He summed up his philosophy, with reference to Calvin.
     他总结了自己的哲学，还提及了加尔文。
• N-UNCOUNT 咨询;征询;参考;查阅
  Referenceis the act of consulting someone or something in order to get information or advice.
  1. This might be done without reference to Parliament...
     这件事情也许可以绕过国会直接进行。
  2. Please keep this sheet in a safe place for reference.
     请把这张纸放在稳妥之处以备查阅。
• ADJ （书）供参考的
  Referencebooks are ones that you look at when you need specific information or facts about a subject.
  1. There are several reference books which have been compiled to help you make your choice.
     有几本参考书专门帮你作出选择。
  2. ...a useful reference work for teachers.
     有用的教师参考书
• N-COUNT 引语；引用的观点；引证
  Areferenceis a word, phrase, or idea which comes from something such as a book, poem, or play and which you use when making a point about something.
  1. ...a reference from the Quran.
     引自《古兰经》的引文
  2. ...historical references.
     历史引证
• N-COUNT （方便查询的）编号，标记，索引
  Areferenceis something such as a number or a name that tells you where you can obtain the information you want.
  1. ...a map reference...
     地图索引
  2. Make a note of the reference number shown on the form.
     把表格上的编码记下来。
• N-COUNT 介绍信;推荐信
  Areferenceis a letter that is written by someone who knows you and which describes your character and abilities. When you apply for a job, an employer might ask forreferences.
  1. The firm offered to give her a reference.
     公司主动给她开具介绍信。
• （求职等时的）推荐人，介绍人，证明人
  Areferenceis a person who gives you a reference, for example when you are applying for a job.

in BRIT, usually use 英国英语通常用 referee


• VERB 引用，参照（某书或某作者）
  If youreferencea particular book or writer, you make a precise reference to them in what you are saying or writing.
  1. It specifically referenced Hermann Noordung's classic 1928 book on this subject.
     在这一问题上它特别参照了赫尔曼·诺丁1928年的经典之作。
• PHRASE （保留信息）以备将来之用
  If you keep informationfor future reference, you keep it because it might be useful in the future.
  1. Read these notes carefully and keep them for future reference.
     仔细阅读这些注释并将其保留下来以备将来之用。
• PREP-PHRASE 关于…
  You usewith reference toorin reference toin order to indicate what something relates to.
  1. I am writing with reference to your article on salaries for scientists...
     我写此信是为了回应你那篇探讨科学家薪水的文章。
  2. I'm calling in reference to your series on prejudice.
     我打电话是要谈谈你写的有关“偏见”的系列文章。
• See also:cross-referenceframe of referencepoint of referenceterms of reference

英英释义

noun

• the act of referring or consulting
  1. reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer
  Synonym:consultation
• the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression
  1. the extension of `satellite of Mars' is the set containing only Demos and Phobos
  Synonym:denotationextension
• the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
  1. he argued that reference is a consequence of conditioned reflexes
• (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
  Synonym:addresscomputer address
• a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts
  1. he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic
  Synonym:reference bookreference workbook of facts
• a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability
  1. requests for character references are all too often answered evasively
  Synonym:charactercharacter reference
• a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
  1. the student's essay failed to list several important citations
  2. the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book
  3. the article includes mention of similar clinical cases
  Synonym:citationciteacknowledgmentcreditmentionquotation
• a remark that calls attention to something or someone
  1. she made frequent mention of her promotion
  2. there was no mention of it
  3. the speaker made several references to his wife
  Synonym:mention
• an indicator that orients you generally
  1. it is used as a reference for comparing the heating and the electrical energy involved
  Synonym:reference pointpoint of reference
• a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
  1. he carried an armful of references back to his desk
  2. he spent hours looking for the source of that quotation
  Synonym:source

verb

• refer to
  1. he referenced his colleagues' work
  Synonym:cite

双语例句

• No reference to their existence appears in any literature of the period.
  这一时期的文学作品中都没有提及他们的存在。
• He summed up his philosophy, with reference to Calvin.
  他总结了自己的哲学，还提及了加尔文。
• This article can be read for reference.
  这篇文章可参阅。
• The firm offered to give her a reference.
  公司主动给她开具介绍信。
• In some schools, Christmas carols are being modified to exclude any reference to Christ.
  某些学校正在对圣诞颂歌进行修改，删除提及耶稣的内容。
• The details are filed away by his three secretaries for future reference.
  他的3个秘书已经把详细情况归档备查。
• Read these notes carefully and keep them for future reference.
  仔细阅读这些注释并将其保留下来以备将来之用。
• These reference books are necessary to us.
  这些参考书是我们所必需的。
• It has many omissions; even so, it is quite a useful reference book.
  那本书有许多遗漏之处，即使如此，尚不失为一本有用的参考书。
• He made only a veiled reference to international concerns over human rights issues
  他只是含蓄地提到了国际社会对人权问题的关注。